In the briefest of statements, the Health Authority of Abu Dhabi (HAAD) announced over night they were treating two MERS cases. As you'll see, no information regarding age, gender, location, exposure, or onset dates is provided.
Abu Dhabi, 14th January,2016: The Health Authority - Abu Dhabi, HAAD, has announced two positive cases of the MERS Coronavirus (MERS CoV). Both cases are receiving the medical care required.
HAAD confirmed that it is coordinating with the Ministry of Health, MOH, and other relevant governmental entities, and has taken all necessary measures as per standards and recommendations from the World Health Organisation, WHO.
It has been nearly 7 months since the last notification of MERS cases in the UAE (seeWHO: UAE Reports 2 Asymptomatic MERS Cases), and while Saudi Arabia generates 90% of the known Middle Eastern MERS cases, the UAE ranks second in that region of the world.
Today's two cases represent the 82nd & 83rd MERS cases from the UAE. The bulk (50+) of the UAE's case reports appeared during the spring of 2014 (seeWHO MERS-CoV Risk Assessment Trip To The UAE) linked to a large nosocomial outbreak.
There are always questions about surveillance and reporting, and we've seen ample evidence of mild and asymptomatic infections, so no one really knows how many MERS infections there have been in the UAE, the Middle East, or the world.
Resep Puding Susu Green Tea Sederhana - Aneka variasi puding susu banyak disukai karena dapat memberikan sensasi menu hidangan penutup yang ideal. Selain puding susu enak disantap, susu merupakan cairan yang kaya gizi sehingga menjadi sumber pangan penyempurna. Puding susu yang manis dan segar akan semakin memikat selera dengan kombinasi rasa dan aroma teh hijau yang sangat kuat.
Kreasi sederhana cara membuat puding susu green tea saja sudah bisa menjadi suguhan dessert yang spesial, apalagi bila ingin dikombinasikan dengan buah-buahan atau ditambahkan dengan siraman saus vla.
Persiapan Bahan Puding Susu Green Tea
1 bungkus agar-agar bubuk putih
800 ml susu cair
150 gram gula pasir
2 sdm bubuk green tea dilarutkan dengan sedikit air
1 butir kuning telur
sejumput garam (optional)
Cara Membuat Puding Susu Green Tea
Siapkan panci, masukkan susu cair, gula pasir, bubuk agar-agar, beserta bubuk green tea. Aduk rata kemudian masak adonan sambil terus diaduk-aduk hingga mendidih.
Ambil 1 sendok sayur adonan yang sudah mendidih, kocok bersama dengan kuning telur hingga rata dalam sebuah mangkuk atau wadah. Masukkan lagi ke dalam rebusan adonan, terus diaduk-aduk hingga rata serta adonan mendidih kembali dan matang, lalu matikan api.
Tuang adonan ke dalam cetakan sesuai selera yang sudah dibasahi air, supaya puding nantinya mudah dilepaskan. Dinginkan dalam kulkas, setelah mengeras keluarkan dari cetakan dan puding siap untuk disajikan.
The avian flu outbreak reported on Monday in Scotland has been officially confirmed as what was already suspected; a Low Path H5N1 virus. LPAI viruses are considered less dangerous than high path (HPAI) viruses, but have the potential to mutate to greater pathogenicity if not controlled.
The virus is being described as `quite distinct' from the more dangerous Asian H5N1 virus, but we have little other information at this time.
It will be of considerable interest to find out if this virus is similar to the LPAI H5 viruses currently plaguing southern France. Over the past 7 months we've seen an unusual number of novel H5 and H7 flu outbreaks - both LP and HP - in France, Germany, and the UK.
Cull underway after very mild strain of H5N1 identified on Dunfermline farm.
Avian influenza has been formally confirmed on a poultry farm near Dunfermline. Laboratory tests have identified a very mild strain of the H5N1 virus and a humane cull of almost 40,000 birds has now begun.
Restrictions on the movement of poultry and birds for one kilometre around the affected premises remain in place.
Chief Vet Sheila Voas said:
“The lab has now formally confirmed the presence of a very mild form of H5N1 avian influenza on a poultry farm near Dunfermline. It is important to stress that this strain is quite distinct from the highly pathogenic form of H5N1 that has caused significant problems over the past decade or so around the world.
“Robust precautionary measures have been in place since suspicion of disease was first reported, in line with our well-rehearsed contingency plans for dealing with avian influenza, and so today’s formal confirmation is something of a technicality.
“The process of humanely culling all of the birds on the farm is now underway, and the one kilometre restrictions around the premises will remain in force for 21 days after preliminary cleansing and disinfection.
“The eggs supplied by this broiler breeder unit are not for human consumption but are sent to a company hatchery. As a precaution, those eggs are being destroyed and the movement of poultry or poultry products at that site is restricted until that process is complete.
“Investigations into the possible source of this infection are at an early stage, but it is normal for such viruses to circulate among wild bird populations, especially waterfowl. Therefore it is important that poultry keepers remain vigilant for any signs of disease and to ensure they are maintaining good biosecurity on their premises.”
Via the Health and Family Planning Commission website for Sichaun Province we've confirmation of a newly reported H5N1 infection in the capital city Chengdu. Based on the narrative, the 42 year-old male patient fell ill on December 27th, was seen on an outpatient basis until January 2nd, and hospitalized on that date.
According to this report, he tested positive for H5N1 10 days after admission, leaving a lot of questions regarding the the level of surveillance for avian flu in local hospitals.
Really good job in winter and spring sudden acute infectious disease prevention and control work, the province at all levels of the health department of health to strengthen the monitoring of cases of pneumonia of unknown causes investigation work.
January 12, Chengdu, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention province respectively from a patient with unexplained pneumonia respiratory specimens detected H5N1 virus nucleic acid positive. The epidemiological investigation, the case history of contact with live poultry before the onset. January 13, the provincial expert group based on clinical manifestations, epidemiology, laboratory, determined that the patient was H5N1 confirmed cases. Experts believe that in this case appears to sporadic cases.
Patients were male, 42 years old, now living in Qingyang Area communities, December 27, 2015 began to appear fever and other symptoms, it has outpatient and inpatient treatment in Qingyang Area Hospital. January 2, 2016, because of exacerbations, emergency transferred to a general hospital in Chengdu, treatment, clinical diagnosis of severe pneumonia, respiratory failure. Currently, the patient's condition is extremely critical, province Group is to rescue.
Disease control departments have been terminal disinfection residence and surrounding environment of patients, 58 close contacts under medical observation after no exception, no new cases have been reported.
Experts suggest that to prevent respiratory diseases, should pay attention to indoor ventilation, reasonable rest, reducing to stay in the crowded, poor air spaces; routinely wash their hands, coughing and cover your nose and mouth when sneezing and other personal hygiene; not in contact no production and consumption of sick or dead poultry, buy fresh, live, pay attention to see when frozen poultry quarantine certificate. Once flu symptoms, to timely medical treatment.
. . . yesterday's widely reported `1st case' (in Harris County, Texas) is far from the first Zika infected traveler to arrive in the United States. Yet somehow that narrative has made it all the way from local media reports to appearing in the prestigious BMJ (British Medical Journal) News this morning:
BMJ2016; 352 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i212(Published 13 January 2016) Cite this as: BMJ 2016;352:i212
Michael McCarthy
A traveler who had recently returned from Latin America to Texas has had Zika virus infection diagnosed, the first case to be recorded in the United States, local health officials report. The case was identified in Harris County, Texas, which includes the city of Houston.
Umair A Shah, executive director of Harris County Public Health and Environmental Services, warned travelers that Zika virus can now be found in much of the world. “We encourage individuals traveling to areas where the virus has been identified …
Those who have been following Zika for more than a few weeks are fully aware that the virus has been imported into the United States a number of times, going back more than five years.
Scientific American got the story right yesterday:
Officials in Harris County confirmed the case Monday. It's not the first time a tourist has carried Zika to the U.S., the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says. And Zika is not poised to spread across the country just yet, but some experts are worried.
In fact, five years ago the EID Journal carried a remarkable Dispatch on the first Probable Non–Vector-borne Transmission of Zika Virus, Colorado, USA, involving two researchers infected in Africa, one of whom returned to the United States and passed the virus (presumably via sexual contact) to his wife.
This was the first instance where sexual transmission of an Arbovirus was suspected, the author’s writing:
Results also support ZIKV transmission from patient 1 to patient 3. Patient 3 had never traveled to Africa or Asia and had not left the United States since 2007. ZIKV has never been reported in the Western Hemisphere. Circumstantial evidence suggests direct person-to-person, possibly sexual, transmission of the virus.
Since then there have been at least twenty imported cases of Zika reported in the United States. Given that most people infected experience mild or subclinical symptoms, the real number is undoubtedly much higher.
What we haven't seen (outside of Puerto Rico) is locally acquired Zika via infected mosquitoes.
Last month inThe International Exchange Rate Of Infectious Diseases we looked at the process by which international travelers - infected with Zika, Dengue, or Chikungunya - could `seed' the virus into the local mosquito population.
It generally takes multiple introductions by viremic travelers, but as we saw with the introduction of Chikungunya to the Caribbean in late 2013, and Zika to Brazil in 2014, when the conditions are right, the virus can get a foothold and spread rapidly.
Mosquito borne viruses are viewed as a big enough emerging threat to the United States that last year, theCDC’sGrand Rounds, featured a presentation (now archived) called:
We see hundreds of imported cases of mosquito borne diseases in the United States each year – each with at least the potential to seed local mosquito populations with the virus – but so far locally acquired cases have remained rare.
But given the availability of two competent mosquito vectors (Aedes Aegypti & Aedes Albopictus), and repeated introductions of the virus from travelers coming from regions where the virus is endemic, our luck in this matter probably won't last forever.
For the second day running theSaudi MOH has announceda primary MERS case (with camel contact), this time from Medinah.
As the chart below indicated, we've seen spikes in Saudi MERS cases occur at several different times of the year, with considerable variation between 2014 and 2015. Most of these large spikes have been driven by major nosocomial outbreaks.
It has been theorized that the camel calving season (Nov-Feb) may exacerbate the spread of the virus among immunologically naive young camels (seeEID Journal: MERS Coronavirus In A Saudi Dromedary Herd), and may increase the risk of exposure to humans during the spring.
The data right now is mixed, and inconclusive, with large outbreaks occurring in the spring and late summer, and smaller surges recorded in the winter and late fall.
While the number of new outbreaks has slowed, seven weeks into France's unprecedented HPAI/LPAI H5 outbreak (involving 5 new strains), an 8th Department (Haute-Garonne) has now reported an outbreak.
After locating a highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza in a farm located in the town of Lafitte-Vigordane in Haute-Garonne, the prefect decided immediately deploying protective measures to prevent the risk of spreading the disease from that home.
The poultry farming will be a complete slaughter, and the buildings will be cleaned and disinfected.
A regulated perimeter is set up, consisting of a protection zone of 3 km around the outbreak and a 10 km surveillance zone.
The protection zone is the confinement of poultry farms, the ban on movement of animals and hatching eggs. The surveillance zone is a clinical monitoring and conducting analyzes on farms.
Furthermore, the prefect of the Haute-Garonne requires breeders who would see a drop in productivity, abnormal mortality, respiratory symptoms, digestive or nervous, within their contact poultry without waiting for their livestock veterinarian.
It should be recalled that avian influenza is not transmissible to humans through the consumption of meat, eggs, foie gras and more generally any food product.
France's MOA has updated their site to reflect this latest outbreak, along with a new reported HPAI H5N2 outbreak in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques, bringing the total number of HPAI outbreaks to 69.
In total, to date, 69 of highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks in poultry have been detected in eight departments of the South West of France. ANSES gave its opinion delivered on 14 December 2015, on the potential danger to humans from the avian influenza strain identified, including the results of the complete sequencing of the H5N1 strain detected in the first home in the Dordogne. She confirmed the absence for this dangerous H5N1 strain of the key markers for human. Find below the details of homes by department below:
In the Dordogne, 13 homes
In the Landes, 28 homes
In Haute-Vienne, a home
In Gers, 10 homes
In the Pyrénées Atlantiques, 12 homes
In the Hautes-Pyrénées, 3 fireplaces
In the Lot, a home
In Haute-Garonne, a home
For the most recent epidemiological analysis of this outbreak you may wish to revisit:
It is narrated on the authority of Amirul Mu’minin, Abu Hafs ‘Umar bin al-Khattab, radiyallahu ‘anhu, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu ‘alayhi wasallam, say: “Actions are (judged) by motives (niyyah) , so each man will have what he intended. Thus, he whose migration (hijrah) was to Allah and His Messenger, his migration is to Allah and His Messenger; but he whose migration was for some worldly thing he might gain, or for a wife he might marry, his migration is to that for which he migrated.” [Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
Abu Hamzah Anas bin Malik, radiyallahu ‘anhu, who was the servant of the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu ‘alayhi wasallam, reported that the Prophet, sallallahu ‘alayhi wasallam, said: “None of you truly believes (in Allah and in His religion) until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.” [Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
About History
The urgent of reading history is that we become aware of his past life, progress and destruction of a nation, understand the wisdom behind the nation's history, feel the love, angry, sad, all within the scope of history. Because history is an art. Art is beauty. So people who do not know history, its own history, at least then he would not know the beauty of the wheel of life that applies to every person.
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